Overview
Haplogroup T-BY15484 is a downstream clade under T-L131 and is strongly associated with ancient and early historic population networks spanning Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan and northwest India. Its distribution suggests that the lineage was part of late Neolithic and Bronze Age demographic interactions linking the Iranian Plateau with Indus Valley and Bactria-Margiana cultural zones. The lineage shows moderate internal diversity and evidence for multiple founder effects in South Asia. Its presence across trade and migration corridors highlights its role in trans-regional population connectivity.
Geographic distribution
T-BY15484 is common in Pakistan, especially in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Punjab and Sindh. It appears in northwest India, including Gujarat and Rajasthan. Iran hosts several derived clusters, especially in the eastern regions. Afghanistan and Tajikistan show moderate frequencies, reflecting ancient mobility across the eastern Iranian Plateau. Arabian and East African appearances are rare but consistent with historic contact with South Asia.
Ancient DNA
- Indus periphery ancient genomes reveal paternal components compatible with early BY15484 lineages.
- Bronze Age BMAC individuals share ancestry profiles associated with early L131 derived subclades including BY15484.
- Late Neolithic and Bronze Age Iranian individuals show connections to the ancestral population structure underlying T-BY15484.
Phylogeny & subclades
T-BY15484 forms several subbranches associated with South Asian and eastern Iranian populations. Some clusters show strong founder effects among northwest Indian groups. The lineage demonstrates clear structure that reflects Bronze Age demographic exchange and early agricultural networks.
- T-BY15484*
- South Asian BY15484 clusters
- Iran–Afghanistan microclades
Notes & context
T-BY15484 is a key lineage for understanding demography between the Iranian Plateau and the Indus cultural sphere, especially during the Bronze Age.
References & external links