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Haplogroup R-M343

R1b basal lineage

Macro-haplogroup
R
Parent clade
R1b
Formed (estimate)
c. 18500 years ago
TMRCA (estimate)
c. 14500 years ago

Overview

R-M343 represents the basal form of haplogroup R1b. While rare today, this branch defines the node from which all major R1b expansions descend. The lineage likely formed somewhere in western Eurasia during the Late Upper Paleolithic. Present-day carriers are uncommon and mostly found in scattered clusters, often as isolated remnants within populations dominated by more derived R1b branches.

Geographic distribution

Sparse distribution across Europe, the Near East and the Caucasus, typically in low frequencies.

Ancient DNA

  • Possible presence in Late Upper Paleolithic Eurasian remains
  • Found upstream from major Bronze Age steppe expansions

Phylogeny & subclades

R1b-M343 forms the root of R1b, splitting into R1b-V88 and R1b-M269, along with minor intermediate lineages.

  • R1b-V88
  • R1b-M269

Notes & context

Although rare, basal M343 lineages help calibrate the deeper divergence times of the R1b macro-lineage.