A · A1 · A1b · A1b1 · BT · CT · CF · F · K · K2 · P · R · R1 · R1b · R-M343 · R-M269 · R-L23 · R-L51 · R-L151 · R-P312 · R-L21 · R-DF13 · R-Z302

Haplogroup R-Z302

Macro-haplogroup
R
Parent clade
R-DF13
Formed (estimate)
c. 3800 - 4200 years before present
TMRCA (estimate)
c. 2400 - 2900 years ago

Overview

Haplogroup R-Z302 is one of the major internal trunks within R-DF13 under the broader R-L21 umbrella and represents a core component of the early Bronze Age demographic landscape of the Atlantic facade. Despite often receiving less public attention than the more expansive DF49, Z251 or Z253 lines, Z302 is a historically important lineage that preserves a distinct and stable phylogenetic signature rooted in the early insular Celtic world. Its formation period aligns closely with the consolidation of DF13 derived populations across Britain and Ireland, a time when Bell Beaker influenced groups and later Atlantic Bronze Age societies were establishing enduring cultural structures. Phylogenetically, Z302 divides into several internal branches that exhibit clear regional clustering. Some subclades display strong associations with parts of eastern and central Ireland, suggesting founder events during the early Iron Age. Others show patterns centered in western Britain, particularly Wales and southwestern England, regions known to have retained substantial Bronze Age continuity. These geographic and phylogenetic signals highlight Z302 as a lineage deeply interwoven with the ancestral fabric of pre Roman Celtic societies. Modern distributions show R-Z302 primarily in Ireland, Scotland and Wales, with additional representation in England and Brittany. Its presence in Scandinavia is usually attributable to contact between Norse and British Isles populations during the medieval period. Global distributions reflect recent diaspora movements. Although not as prolific as some DF13 branches, Z302 retains substantial historical value because it captures an early and regionally coherent component of the R-L21 paternal landscape.

Geographic distribution

R-Z302 reaches its highest frequencies in Ireland, with notable secondary concentrations in Scotland, Wales and parts of England. It also appears in Brittany and at low levels in Scandinavia due to medieval interactions.

Ancient DNA

  • Late Bronze Age remains from Britain possess DF13 ancestry consistent with proto Z302 lineages.
  • Iron Age sites in Ireland and western Britain show paternal clusters proximally related to Z302.
  • Medieval burials in the British Isles contain downstream structures that trace back to Z302 founders.

Phylogeny & subclades

Z302 is a key trunk within DF13, forming several downstream branches that correspond to regional expansions in the British Isles. Its internal tree displays moderate complexity with multiple stable sublineages.

  • R-Z302*
  • Irish regional microclades
  • Welsh associated branches
  • Northern British subclusters

Notes & context

R-Z302 fills a major gap in the DF13 structure and represents a cornerstone for understanding early insular Celtic paternal ancestry.