A · A1 · A1b · A1b1 · BT · CT · CF · F · K · K2 · P · R · R1 · R1b · R-M343 · R-L754 · R-L389 · R-P297 · R-M73 · R-M478 · R-Y14054 · R-L1432 · R-Y14051 · R-FT41744

Haplogroup R-FT41744

Macro-haplogroup
R
Parent clade
R-Y14051
Formed (estimate)
c. 3100 - 4300 years before present
TMRCA (estimate)
c. 1000 - 1700 years ago

Overview

Haplogroup R-FT41744 is a downstream branch of R-Y14051 characterized by a geographically widespread but demographically compact presence across Inner Asia. It arose during the Late Bronze Age, a period of increasing population mobility associated with emerging pastoral networks. FT41744 appears to have formed among groups active in the broad region linking the eastern Altai, the upper Irtysh basin and northern Xinjiang. Today, the lineage is observed primarily among Kazakh tribal groups, several Siberian Turkic populations and communities in northern China. Its internal structure points to expansions during the early medieval period, corresponding with historically documented movements of early Turkic confederations. Unlike some explosive branches, FT41744 shows a pattern of moderate but persistent spread, reflecting its integration into multiple regional networks rather than domination by a single founder event. Its geographic pattern reveals participation in both northern steppe migrations and southern routes toward the Tarim Basin and Gansu corridor, regions historically characterized by intense contact between Indo-European, Turkic and proto-Mongolic communities. This makes FT41744 a valuable lineage for tracing cultural interactions across the Inner Asian frontier.

Geographic distribution

Highest in Kazakhstan and northern Xinjiang; moderate in southwestern Siberia and Inner Mongolia; minor presence in Mongolia and the Volga-Ural region.

Ancient DNA

  • Bronze and Iron Age steppe individuals near the Altai show relationships to upstream FT41744 lineages.
  • Early Turkic-associated individuals from the Altai-Sayan range exhibit R-M478 haplotypes close to FT41744.
  • Several ancient northern Xinjiang samples cluster near FT41744 on R-M478 phylogenies.

Phylogeny & subclades

R-FT41744 contains regionally structured subclusters, some of which likely correspond to Turkic tribal expansions of the 6th–10th centuries CE.

  • R-FT41744*
  • Kazakh-associated microbranches
  • Northern Xinjiang derived clusters

Notes & context

A key lineage for understanding population dynamics across the Inner Asian steppe and the early formation of Turkic-speaking groups.