Overview
Haplogroup R-FGC3222 is a downstream branch of R-DF13 that emerged during the late Bronze Age in the Atlantic cultural sphere. While not a large lineage, FGC3222 is important because it represents a distinct paternal group that remained localized but stable within western Britain and Ireland. Its formation coincides with the initial diversification of DF13, a period marked by shifting social structures, regional mobility and the formation of early proto Celtic identities. FGC3222 displays several downstream sub branches, indicating multiple early medieval founder effects. These clusters correspond to regional paternal groups that persisted over many centuries, contributing to the historical populations of Ireland, Wales and parts of England. Unlike the major DF13 expansions that dominated entire regions, FGC3222 represents a more modest but enduring lineage that maintained its identity in smaller kin based networks. Modern carriers of FGC3222 are most commonly found in Ireland, northwest England and Wales. These distribution patterns reflect long term cultural connections across the Irish Sea, where maritime mobility shaped demographic landscapes from the Bronze Age through the Middle Ages. Because FGC3222 did not undergo extensive expansion, it retains valuable phylogenetic signals related to early local populations of the Atlantic zone.