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Haplogroup Q-Y1434

Q-Y1434 (Ket–Selkup–Nganasan Paleo-Siberian lineage)

Macro-haplogroup

Parent clade

Q-M346

Formed (estimate)

c. 12,000–15,000 years before present

TMRCA (estimate)

c. 6,000–9,000 years ago

Y1434

Overview

Q-Y1434 represents one of the oldest surviving paternal lineages of north-central Siberia and is strongly associated with Paleo-Siberian populations including the Ket, Selkup, and Nganasan. This clade reflects deep continuity in the Yenisei and Taimyr regions and preserves ancient population layers predating later Turkic, Tungusic and Mongolic expansions. Q-Y1434 provides rare genetic insight into the pre-Neolithic hunter-gatherer populations of the Siberian Arctic.

Geographic distribution

Highest frequencies among Ket and Selkup populations in the Yenisey basin, with significant presence among Nganasan on the Taimyr Peninsula. Low-level occurrences extend into northern Khanty and Evenki groups through historical interactions.

Ancient DNA

Ancient genomes from the central Siberian forest-tundra zone show ancestry patterns consistent with Y1434-related lineages.
The age of the clade overlaps late Pleistocene population continuity in the northern Yenisei region.
Its distribution indicates genetic survival of pre-pastoralist, pre-Turkic Siberian groups.

Phylogeny & subclades

Q-Y1434 forms a key branch under Q-M346 parallel to the Altai-related L330 cluster. Its structure is characterized by shallow, drift-heavy subbranches typical of small Arctic populations.

Q-Y1434*

Notes & context