Overview
N1a2 (P43) is the southeastern Siberian branch of N1a, with deep roots in the Amur Basin, Transbaikal and the western edges of Manchuria. Its distribution reflects early Holocene expansions of taiga hunter-gatherers who later contributed ancestry to Samoyedic and certain Ob-Ugric populations. N1a2 also appears in Yakutia and among northern Tungusic groups, indicating long-term population networks across the eastern Siberian forest zone.
Geographic distribution
High frequencies appear among Khanty, Mansi, Nenets and Selkup populations. Moderate levels occur in Yakutia, Evenk/Evens, northern China (Heilongjiang), Buryatia and eastern Siberia.
Ancient DNA
- Neolithic and early Bronze Age individuals in the Amur region show N1a2-like ancestry.
- Ancient Samoyedic-related sites in western Siberia contain P43-bearing branches.
- Transbaikal forager genomes carry variants ancestral to modern N1a2.
Phylogeny & subclades
N1a2 splits primarily into N1a2a (western Siberia) and N1a2b (Amur–Transbaikal oriented).
Notes & context
N1a2 is crucial for understanding the Siberian components within Uralic and Paleo-Siberian population histories.
References & external links