A · BT · CT · CF · F · J · J2-M172 · J2b-M12 · J2b-M241 · J2b-Z43712

Haplogroup J2b-Z43712

Macro-haplogroup
J
Parent clade
J2b-M241
Formed (estimate)
c. 5,600 to 7,300 years before present
TMRCA (estimate)
c. 1,400 to 2,300 years ago

Overview

J2b-Z43712 is a downstream member of the J2b-M241 expansion and is closely tied to the demographic landscapes of the southern Balkans, Aegean islands and western Anatolia. Its early formation appears rooted in late Neolithic and Chalcolithic maritime-linked communities that forged connections between inland agricultural settlements and emerging coastal trade hubs. These groups played significant roles in shaping the shared ceramic, metallurgical and maritime traditions of southeastern Europe and the Aegean. During the Bronze Age, the lineage seems connected to island–mainland exchange systems, Mycenaean-influenced coastal centers and western Anatolian urbanizing landscapes. The structure of Z43712 shows evidence of microregional founder effects associated with Aegean archipelagos, southern Balkan river valleys and coastal Anatolian plains. Iron Age and classical samples from the Aegean basin preserve paternal lineages consistent with this clade, highlighting multi-period maritime continuity.

Geographic distribution

Greece, Albania, Bulgaria, western Turkey; minor frequency in Italy, Cyprus and the Adriatic coast.

Ancient DNA

  • Late Neolithic Balkan individuals show upstream J2b-M241 ancestry ancestral to Z43712.
  • Aegean Bronze Age individuals preserve J2b signatures compatible with early Z43712 formation.
  • Western Anatolian Bronze Age contexts include upstream J2b variants related to this lineage.
  • Iron Age Aegean island populations show downstream branches fitting Z43712 patterns.
  • Classical Aegean coastal settlements maintain microbranches within the clade’s range.

Phylogeny & subclades

A maritime-connected J2b-M241 branch diversified across Aegean islands, southern Balkans and western Anatolia.

  • Z43712*
  • Aegean island extensions
  • Southern Balkan derivatives

Notes & context

J2b-Z43712 is essential for modeling the demographic and maritime dynamics of the Aegean sphere from the Neolithic through classical periods.