Overview
J2b-Y23094 is a downstream subclade of J2b-M241 with a demographic axis spanning the southern Balkans, western Anatolia and the Aegean coastline. Its formation corresponds to mid Holocene expansions of agro pastoral communities across the Balkans and early maritime populations in the Aegean. Archaeological correlations include Chalcolithic and early Bronze Age contexts from Greece, Albania and coastal Anatolia. During the Bronze Age, Y23094 bearing populations likely participated in demographic flows associated with Mycenaean sphere interactions, Aegean seaborne exchange routes and connections between the Balkans and the Anatolian coastal regions. The downstream structure reflects multiple founder effects and diversification events centered around coastal Balkan and Aegean communities.
Geographic distribution
Modern frequencies peak in Greece, Albania and western Turkey. Moderate levels appear in North Macedonia, Cyprus and the northern Levant. Lower frequencies occur across southern Italy, the Adriatic and the eastern Mediterranean.
Ancient DNA
- Late Neolithic Balkan individuals include J2b profiles overlapping with upstream Y23094.
- Aegean Bronze Age burials show paternal signatures aligned with this lineage.
- Early coastal Anatolian Bronze Age samples present J2b lineages consistent with Y23094.
- Bronze and Iron Age Levantine individuals contain downstream variants of this clade.
- Classical Aegean and Adriatic sites show continuity with Y23094 derived branches.
Phylogeny & subclades
Y23094 features several Balkan and Aegean centered clusters with extensions into western Anatolia and the Levant. Its phylogeny suggests coastal mobility and localized expansions typical of Aegean Bronze Age societies.
- Y23094* basal Balkan form
- Greek and Aegean microbranches
- Western Anatolian downstream lines
- Levantine derived clusters
Notes & context
J2b-Y23094 provides important insight into demographic links among the Balkans, western Anatolia and the Aegean throughout prehistory and early historical periods.
References & external links