Overview
J1-ZS702 is a downstream lineage within the major J1-L147.1 expansion, characterized by its Arabian origin and later diffusion across the desert-steppe interface linking Arabia, the Levant and Mesopotamia. Its ancestral populations emerged during the late Neolithic through early Bronze Age transition, a period marked by increasing pastoral specialization and the creation of sustained mobility networks centered on desert wells, wadis and caravan corridors. By the Bronze and Iron Ages, ZS702-bearing groups had become part of emerging North Arabian tribal structures. Their downstream phylogenetic signatures show founder effects linked to distinct clans operating across the Hejaz, northern Arabia and the southern Levant. Some derived branches later appear in historical contexts associated with early Arabic-speaking groups during the first millennium CE.