Overview
J1-ZS4829 represents a downstream element of the J1-L147.1 Arabian-centered macroexpansion and is associated with pastoralist and semi-nomadic populations of northern Arabia, the Jordanian desert and the southern Syrian steppe. Its deep origins correspond to the consolidation of desert herding economies during the Holocene, in which camel pastoralism, seasonal mobility patterns and oasis-grazing networks shaped the social and economic basis of emerging tribal formations. In the Bronze and Iron Ages, groups bearing this lineage likely facilitated long-distance mobility and exchange between Levantine urban centers, Mesopotamian polities and Arabian tribal networks. The subclade’s downstream architecture reflects founder effects across basaltic uplands, steppe corridors and oasis microregions. Classical and early Islamic period populations in northern Arabia and the Levant preserve paternal markers consistent with this clade, indicating continuity of desert-oriented tribal lineages.