Overview
J1-ZS1624 is a downstream subclade of the major Arabian-rooted J1-L147.1 cluster and formed among pastoralist groups inhabiting northern Arabia during the late Neolithic and early Bronze Age. These early communities followed pastoral mobility circuits structured around wells, small oases and landforms that provided intermittent grazing, forming demographic frameworks later associated with North Arabian tribal expansions. During the Bronze and Iron Ages, ZS1624-bearing communities took part in the demographic movements shaping the Hejaz, Najd and the lower Mesopotamian frontier. Founder effects evident in downstream phylogenetic branching indicate stable clan-based social structures. The early Islamic period saw further spread of some lineages into Iraq and the Gulf, where localized microbranches emerged.