Overview
J1-ZS1375 is a downstream branch of the Arabian-centered J1-L147.1 complex and appears to have originated among pastoral populations living across northern Arabia and the Hejaz during the early Bronze Age. These ancestral communities depended on desert-steppe ecological zones structured around wells, intermittent streams and seasonal pastures, forming mobility routes that later shaped early North Arabian tribal cultures. During the Bronze and Iron Ages, ZS1375-bearing groups participated in expansions that linked the Hejaz, Najd and western Mesopotamia. The lineage shows clear phylogenetic signatures of localized founder effects tied to early Semitic-speaking clan groups. Early Islamic expansions dispersed some downstream derivatives eastward, contributing to tribal settlement patterns in Iraq and the Gulf.