A · BT · CT · CF · F · J · J1-M267 · J1-P58 · J1-L147.1 · J1-ZS1307

Haplogroup J1-ZS1307

Macro-haplogroup
J
Parent clade
J1-L147.1
Formed (estimate)
c. 4,600 to 6,000 years before present
TMRCA (estimate)
c. 1,200 to 1,900 years ago

Overview

J1-ZS1307 is a downstream lineage of the Arabian-centered J1-L147.1 cluster and originated among pastoral groups inhabiting the northern Arabian desert zone during the late Neolithic through the early Bronze Age. These early communities relied on desert wells, wadis and rotational grazing patterns that shaped their mobility. Their ecological niche and movement patterns aligned with the broader northern Arabian tribal substrate that later formed the foundation of early Semitic-speaking populations. During the Bronze and Iron Ages, ZS1307-bearing groups took part in the regional expansions of North Arabian tribes across the Hejaz, Transjordan and western Mesopotamia. The downstream structure of the lineage shows localized founder effects tied to clan systems. Early Islamic era mobility spread certain subbranches into Iraq and the Gulf, creating additional centers of downstream diversification.

Geographic distribution

Most common in Saudi Arabia and Iraq; moderate in Jordan and Syria; minor presence in Kuwait and the Levant.

Ancient DNA

  • Bronze Age Levant individuals exhibit upstream J1-P58 patterns consistent with ancestral ZS1307.
  • Iron Age desert samples show diversification linked to early ZS1307.
  • Early Islamic Arabian frontier burials contain downstream ZS1307 derivatives.

Phylogeny & subclades

A regionally structured J1-L147.1 lineage shaped by desert mobility, founder events and early North Arabian tribalization.

  • ZS1307*
  • Hejaz and Najd derivatives
  • Northern Arabian branch clusters

Notes & context

A lineage important for reconstructing the formation and expansion of early Semitic-speaking desert populations.