A · BT · CT · CF · F · J · J1-M267 · J1-P58 · J1-Y7021

Haplogroup J1-Y7021

Macro-haplogroup
J
Parent clade
J1-P58
Formed (estimate)
c. 4,200 to 5,600 years before present
TMRCA (estimate)
c. 900 to 1,400 years ago

Overview

J1-Y7021 is a downstream lineage of the widespread Arabian J1-P58 complex and likely originated among early pastoralist communities inhabiting northern Arabia during the early Bronze Age. These groups moved seasonally through desert-steppe environments structured around durable wells, wadis and oasis clusters. Their demographic patterns are consistent with the emergence of early North Arabian tribal lineages. During the Bronze and Iron Ages, populations carrying Y7021 expanded across the Hejaz, Wadi Sirhan and northern desert corridors extending into southern Jordan. Founder effects observed in the downstream topology point toward stable clan-based structures. With the expansion of the early Islamic world, downstream Y7021 branches migrated toward Iraq and the Gulf region, forming localized microclades through gradual settlement and intra-tribal integration.

Geographic distribution

Most common in Saudi Arabia, Jordan and Iraq; low frequencies in Syria, Kuwait and Qatar.

Ancient DNA

  • Bronze Age Levant remains show upstream J1-P58 elements consistent with proto Y7021.
  • Iron Age Arabian frontier burials preserve branch patterns compatible with early Y7021.
  • Early Islamic Hejaz skeletal remains contain downstream Y7021 derivatives.

Phylogeny & subclades

A J1-P58 derivative shaped by desert pastoral mobility, tribal founder events and localized demographic expansions.

  • Y7021*
  • Hejaz clusters
  • Northern Arabian derivatives

Notes & context

Useful for reconstructing the demographic landscape of early North Arabian tribal communities.