A · BT · CT · CF · F · J · J1-M267 · J1-P58 · J1-Y5714

Haplogroup J1-Y5714

Macro-haplogroup
J
Parent clade
J1-P58
Formed (estimate)
c. 4,700 to 6,000 years before present
TMRCA (estimate)
c. 1,100 to 1,900 years ago

Overview

J1-Y5714 is a downstream branch of the core Arabian J1-P58 expansion and likely originated among pastoralist populations living across the northern Arabian plateau during the early Bronze Age. These early groups utilized seasonal grazing cycles organized around wells, wadis and oasis-linked pathways, forming a demographic substrate that contributed to the rise of early Semitic-speaking tribal structures in the Hejaz and southern Jordan. Archaeological parallels include desert encampments and caravan-linked settlement nodes that facilitated long-distance pastoral mobility. During the Bronze and Iron Ages, Y5714-bearing communities took part in tribal expansions across northern Arabia and the Hejaz. Founder effects apparent in the downstream topology indicate clan-based demographic growth tied to specific ecological corridors. In the early Islamic period, some derivative lineages dispersed into Iraq, Kuwait and the Gulf region, where additional microbranches formed through localized expansion.

Geographic distribution

Most common in Saudi Arabia and Jordan; moderate in Iraq and Syria; low in Egypt and Kuwait.

Ancient DNA

  • Bronze Age Levant individuals show J1-P58 ancestry consistent with early Y5714.
  • Iron Age North Arabian desert samples display branching patterns aligned with proto Y5714.
  • Early Islamic Hejaz burials include downstream Y5714-derived clades.

Phylogeny & subclades

A structured J1-P58 component tied to pastoral mobility, tribal dispersion and desert-steppe ecological systems.

  • Y5714*
  • Hejaz derivatives
  • Northern Arabian clan branches

Notes & context

A lineage central to the demographic and cultural formation of early North Arabian tribes.