Overview
J1-Y3923 is a downstream lineage of the Arabian-centered J1-P58 expansion, with demographic roots in northern Arabia, southern Jordan and the Syro-Arabian desert fringe during the late Neolithic and early Bronze Age. Its ancestral populations appear to have adopted increasingly specialized pastoral lifeways characterized by seasonal herd movements, oasis-linked subsistence strategies and participation in early trans-desert exchange networks. Archaeological parallels include fortified desert outposts, pastoral camps and proto-caravan tracks along the northern Hejaz and Wadi Sirhan corridor. During the Bronze and Iron Ages, Y3923-bearing groups were embedded within the tribal confederations that formed across the northern Arabian plateau and southern Levant. The clade's downstream patterns reflect multiple founder events tied to clan-based social structures. Its geographic footprint suggests participation in the cultural networks associated with the incense trade, copper routes and early proto-Arabic expansions.