Overview
J1-Y3650 is a structured downstream lineage within the Arabian centered J1-P58 branch, with an early formation period tied to late Neolithic pastoralism in northwestern Arabia, the Hejaz corridor and the southern Levantine desert margin. Archaeological and environmental evidence suggests that its ancestral communities operated mixed pastoral and oasis-based subsistence systems, exploiting both seasonal mobility and permanent water sources along the Red Sea rift valley. These early groups formed the demographic substrate for later Bronze Age tribal lineages. By the Bronze and Iron Ages, Y3650 bearing populations were integrated into North Arabian tribal confederations, caravan-based trade routes and early Semitic speaking pastoral societies. The downstream segmentation of the clade indicates repeated founder events within tribal groups that later appear in early Islamic genealogical traditions, though the lineage itself predates these traditions by millennia. Its distribution pattern reflects localized Arabian expansions with moderate diffusion into the southern Levant and Mesopotamia.