Overview
J1-FGC10233 is a downstream subclade of the highland-associated J1-Z1828 macrolineage and emerged among agro-pastoral populations of the Armenian Highlands, eastern Anatolia and the northern Zagros. These groups practiced vertical transhumance, developed early metallurgical techniques and maintained interlinked upland valley settlements. Their economic and cultural patterns connect closely with early highland West Asian cultural sequences including those aligned with the Kura-Araxes movement. Throughout the Bronze and Iron Ages, populations carrying FGC10233 remained largely constrained within the mountainous landscapes of the Armenian plateau and adjacent uplands. The lineage’s downstream architecture reflects long-lasting demographic stability. Medieval populations of these highlands exhibit strong continuity with ancestral FGC10233 subbranches, suggesting persistent, regionally isolated lifeways across millennia.