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Haplogroup G1d

G-Y14873

Macro-haplogroup

Parent clade

Formed (estimate)

c. 11,000–13,000 years before present

TMRCA (estimate)

c. 5,500–7,000 years ago

Y14873
Y14891
Y14902

Overview

G1d represents a deep-rooted and regionally expansive branch of the G1 radiation, emerging on the Iranian Plateau and extending into Central Asia. Its demographic footprint connects early agro-pastoral societies of Iran with later Bronze Age mobility across Transoxiana.

Geographic distribution

Highest frequencies in Iran, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, and northern Afghanistan, with minor occurrences in the Caucasus and eastern Turkey.

Ancient DNA

Bronze Age individuals from northern Iran demonstrate haplotypic similarity to G1d-related structure.
Iron Age Central Asian remains present partial overlap with downstream G1d clusters.
Low coverage makes exact placement challenging but highly plausible.

Phylogeny & subclades

Defined by Y14873, G1d sits as a sister lineage to G1a and G1b. Internal radiation includes micro-lineages spanning Iran and Central Asia, consistent with west-to-east population links of the early Bronze Age.

G1d* (basal)
G1d1 (Y14891-linked)
Central Asian tribal microbranches

Notes & context