A · BT · CT · C · C2 · C2c
C2c-Z1338
C2c represents a Paleo-Siberian and Beringian-oriented lineage of haplogroup C2, associated with late Pleistocene forager groups in the Far North. This branch preserves signals from populations that thrived in the subarctic and arctic regions of Siberia, extending into areas involved in the early peopling of Beringia. Its structure suggests deep continuity among ancient high-latitude groups preceding the Holocene climatic transitions.
C2c occurs mainly among northern Siberian populations including Chukchi, Koryak, Yukaghir and some Evenk groups. It also appears at low frequencies among communities near the Bering Strait. Occasional presence in Alaska reflects ancient Beringian connections.
C2c is defined by Z1338 and related SNPs such as F3918. It is a sister branch to C2a and C2b but remains at lower diversity due to long-term population isolation in extreme northern environments.
C2c is essential for understanding the genetic history of Paleo-Siberian groups and the populations associated with the early Beringian corridor.